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This case examines how Paytm engineered a large-scale offline-to-online migration among India's unorganised merchant sector by deploying QR codes as a zero-cost, zero-infrastructure payment acceptance tool. It analyses the pre-work that enabled Paytm to capitalise on the demonetisation crisis of November 2016, the marketing architecture that turned a logistical instrument into a brand symbol, and the ecosystem strategy that transformed early merchant adoption into a defensibl